MGM600-0803B-02 Applied Managerial Decision-Making - Phase 3 Essay

MGM600-0803B-02 Applied Managerial Decision-Making - Phase 3 Discussion Board 2 - Essay Example ANOVA test is of two types, One-Factor ANOVA and Two-Factor ANOVA (with and without replication). In One-Factor ANOVA, Dependent Variable (numerical) may be affected by one independent variable (categorical). In Two-Factor ANOVA, Dependent Variable (numerical) may be affected by two independent variables (categorical). An ANOVA test is useful, when different data sets (more than two) need to be compared for similar distribution population (treatment. A t-test can also be used for comparison; however, it is limited to two samples. For more than two data sets, many t-test needs to be carried out sequentially that will increase statistical error due to accumulation. An ANOVA test lessons the statistical error due to analysis of entire data set at once and makes it more likely that a determination can be made in valid manner (Skrzypczak, 2006; Pieniazekon, A. 2007). Suppose 10 day’s daily defect rates for automotive computer chips manufactured production data for four different plant locations were available. Now for this data ANOVA can be useful for determining whether the observed differences in the plants’ sample mean defect rates merely due to random variation or the observed differences between the plants’ defect rates too great to be attributed to chance. Here ANOVA hypothesis will be ‘mean defects rates are same for at all four plants (H0)’ and ‘at least one mean differs from the others (H1)’. The One-Factor ANOVA dependent variable will be defect rate and independent variable will be plant locations (Doane, & Seward, 2007). Suppose a hospital management needs to test whether a patient’s length of a stay (LOS) depends on the diagnostic-related group (DRG) code and the patient’s age group, so that resources and fixed costs are correctly allocated. Considering case of bone fracture, LOS is a dependent variable measured in hours and type of fracture (facial, radius or ulna, hip or femur, other lower extremity, all other) and

Special2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Special2 - Essay Example Q1: The type of partnership that the plaintiff and defendant have established is a Term partnership because it envisages a 2 year term plan, and they have jointly pooled their resources for the operation of partnership business. It is for a profit venture that they have jointly set stakes in the firm and they would have shares profits upon mutual consent. The Uniform Partnership Act states a partnership as "an association of 2 or more persons . . . to carry on as co-owners a business for profit. . . No one factor is alone determinative of the existence of a partnership." In this case, one of the partners claimed that Maslbenden’s participation was just that of a financier and not a partner. However, the Court held that Maslbendens involvement in the business supported the claim that he was a partner. (Lupien v. Malsbenden: Supreme Judicial Court of Maine, 1984). Q5: Yes, the capital contribution by each partner is a significant factor in dividing the assets. The Court would like to know the amounts invested by each partner in order to assess the mode of splitting the firm’s assets. This is because partners may not have brought capital into the business in equal proportions, and therefore, it would not be in legal consistency to divide the assets equally. Verdict: I agree with the Judge’s ruling. This is because, in the absence of written contract, the conduct of the parties would bind the partners. In this case, Jeannie Smithers, the defendant wishes to quit the partnership and have it dissolved. In the event there was a written covenant, it could bind the parties. Even a verbal contract is a contract, but the terms and conditions would be as determined by the parties, which may change from time to time. Moreover, only a written partnership agreement could bind the partners in their relationships with other partners and

Developing Information Essay Example for Free

Developing Information Essay I chose to put a very limited amount of information on my front page because I wanted to attract the readers attention simply. I placed Oxfams logo on the front page, because I knew that as soon as people saw the logo they would know which charity my leaflet was for. I spread out my chart all over one page because I thought the statistics needed a lot of space to be seen clearly. My text is fairly well spread out. I dont want to put too much text on one page because I am aiming my leaflet at teenagers and if there is too much text on one page they will lose interest and not bother to read my leaflet. My page orientation was landscape because that is how leaflets are usually set out and I wanted my leaflet to be just like any other leaflet about a charity. My paragraphs are short with a fairly large font because I was afraid that if I put too much text in a small font my target audience would not bother to read it. My centre columns in the middle are 10mm apart. This will allow enough room when I fold my leaflet in half and it will make the text in the leaflet seem more logically spaced out, and not bunched up at the sides. I put in sub heading to make it easier for people to find what they are looking for in my leaflet. I also changed the colour of my subheadings to green so that it stands out from the body text and matches the colour of the Oxfam logo. All of my margins are 20mm. This is a good number because I know that the printer wont print any of my work if it is in a 15mm margin or less. I chose an image of a short poem about poverty. The late Mother Teresa wrote it and it really made me think about the poor people in the world and what we can do to help them. Hopefully this image will have the same effect on my target audience. I chose an image of smiling children to show people what the poor children could look like with their help. I think that my leaflet will be suitable to my target audience because I have used only a small amount of text, but it gets straight to the point. So even if my target audience does have an incredibly short attention span, they should be able to read my leaflet with ease. The images are bright and eye catching. I was quite pleased with the outcome of my end leaflet but then thought of ways to change to so this is what I did: Leaflet 2: I think my second leaflet is better than the first because I broke up the text a bit more to make it look more appealing and to make it easier to read. I also changed the font to a more attractive font. I enlarged the picture because I thought the picture had true meaning to what the charity was all about. I also enlarged the contact numbers and addresses on the back page because it will hopefully entice people to contact the charity and find out any extra information they need to know about donating or any queries they may have. I reduced the size of my statistics chart to make more room to move around my text. The chart is still easy to read. So it still fulfils its purpose in making the audience realise just how many people are living in poverty in our world today. I did not see the need to change the page orientation because my leaflet is supposed to be produced landscape. I didnt change the size of my centre columns or margins, because I thought that the present ones were suitable. I left my subheadings in the same green colour because I thought it was good idea to make them stand out. I left the image of the smiling children on the back page because I thought it was a pleasant way to end the leaflet. Leaflet 3: I decided that I didnt have enough information on my leaflet so I changed it again. I left my front page and back page because I thought they were suitable for my target audience. I entered another paragraph of derived text from my paper-based resource. I added more subheadings so that my audience would know what they were reading about and to make the leaflet more consistent. I had to change the font size from 14 to 13 and I changed my text to normal instead of italic. I think this leaflet looks the most appealing and has the most information so I am going to choose it for my final idea. I also decided to change the front page of my leaflet because I thought it looked a little plain and might not entice my audience to pick it up and read it. I added another image to make the front cover look more interesting and to attract my audiences attention. Leaflet choice: I am going to choose leaflet 3 because I think it has the most information and the most relevant size font and graphics. It is the most suited to my target audience and I think it looks the most appealing.

Impact Of Globalization And Challenges Faced By It Economics Essay

Impact Of Globalization And Challenges Faced By It Economics Essay As a term globalisation is defined as the merging of the economies and societies all over the world. Out of the few hundred definitions we are going to see some of the definition concerned with the global economy and business perspective. It can be defined as is the closer integration of the countries and peoples of the world brought about by the enormous reduction of costs of transportation and communication, and the breaking down of artificial barriers to the flows of goods, services, capital, knowledge, and people across borders (Joseph Stiglitz, 2003, pg :22). Expanding, developing, and speeding up of global interconnectedness is meant as globalisation (Held, 1999). Globalisation is a fashionable word to describe trends perceived to be dramatically and relentlessly increasing connections and communications among people regardless of nationality and geography (Tobin, 1999). Globalisation trend in the past golden years First thing that strikes us about globalisation is the sharp expansion of the financial and trade market and the government declining in its power in the past two decades. But globalisation has undergone a series of different stages in the early eras. There are several stages of globalisation according to Alex MacGillivray (2006) which we are going to see in detail in this section. Iberian Carve up (1490-1815): During this period the Spain and the Portugal with the support of the Pope started the colonial competition around the world with the long distance trade. Britannic meridian (1815- 1914): During this period the British Empire leaded the imperial power which enforced the global gold standard and it created round the world shipping. Sputnik World (1914-68): This was period in this decolonization took place which lead the USA and Soviet Union to struggle for the influence in the world. There was a rapid economic growth along this period. Global Supply Chain (1968-2001): This was the real golden period of globalisation where the entire world was interconnected by supply-chains, internet and the mobile phones. The global free market was growing rapidly and effectively in this period of globalisation stage. Thermo Globalisation (2001- till date): This is the current situation where the countries are united and struggling to prove their best in the competitive global market with the other countries. The global communication system and development in the global trade and commerce is blooming at very rapid rate. The recent tends of the effects of the Globalisation in the world. World GDP real growth rate (%) Table1: World GDP rate, (CIA 2010). Figure 1: World Inflation rate, from 2000 to 2009 (CIA 2010). The GDP growth of world was increasing from the year 2002 to 2008 due to increase in the globalisation trend. Due to out sourcing of jobs and increasing the choice in the product in the global market the GDP rate of the each country increases. Even though the GDP growth increases overall but when we come to the GDP growth in regards to each and every country the developed countries is higher than the developing countries. The wages paid for the out sourced jobs are less compared to that paid in their own countries. World Inflation rate (%) Table2: World Inflation rate, (CIA 2010). Figure 2: World Inflation rate, from 2000 to 2009 (CIA 2010). Due to the increase in the globalisation the inflation rate is decreased drastically and now it is maintained due to increasing global market. The employment rate is increasing due to globalisation are certain parts of the world and they even decrease the employment rates especially in developed countries. All these are described in detail in the further sections of the paper. CHAPTER 2 Is Globalisation a Good Thing? There is a heated debate about the true effects of globalisation and if it really is such a good thing. Good or bad, though, there isnt much argument as to whether or not it is happening. Lets look at the positives and negatives of globalisation, and you can decide for yourself whether or not it is the best thing for our world. Positive impact of Globalisation Globalisation has sea of positive aspects in the development and the improvement of the countrys GDP growth, employment rate and the world market. The paper is going to discuss about the positive factors of globalisation. The global economic resources are circulated all over the world which increases the economic linkage. The commodity, services, capital and human resources has a free flow between the national boundaries. The free trade between countries are increased. Due to this there is an increase in demand which in turn increases the production sectors. Since there is always a competition in the world market the possibly of inflation is reasonably less and the innovative ideas will increase to meet the competition. The communication among the countries is increases this develops the understanding between nations and we have a cultural interchanges among countries (Burande 2006). There is a greater access to foreign culture in the form of movies, music, food, clothing, and more due to this the global village dream becomes more realistic. We dont have a single power ruling the world after the increase in globalisation so the focus is segregated among all the countries in the world. The standard of living in the developing countries will increase due to the increase in the flow of money. The developing countries are able use the current technologies without problems associated with the development of the technology. The war between the developed countries is decreases due to equality in power. The developed countries can increase the investment on the developing countries due to increase in the liquidity of capital (Poux 2007). The environmental conditions in developed countries are increased. The countries tend to move towards democratic policies. International trade and tourism increases due to increase in globalisation. Due to free circulation of people from different countries is increased this in turn leads to social benefits. Global environmental problems like cross-boundary pollution, over fishing in oceans, climate changes are solved by discussions. International criminal courts and International justice movements are launched to control the crime. The standards applie d globally like the patents, copyright laws and the world trade agreements are increased and standardised. The local consumer products are exported in the global market which in turn increases the GDP growth of the countries. The subsidies for the local businesses are decreased. Free trade zones are formed which has less or no tariff rates. Challenges faced due to Globalisation Globalisation has lots of challenges to be faced in the both developed and developing countries. It creates inequality in income and lots of other issues which the paper discusses in this section. The benefits of globalisation are not universal. The rich are getting richer and the poor are becoming poorer. Due to globalisation the major issue is the outsourcing, which provides jobs population in one country and takes away jibs from other countries which lead many without opportunities.   Europeans lose their jobs as the work is being outsourced to the Asian countries. The cost of labour in the Asian countries is low as compared to other countries. The high rate of profit for the companies, in Asia, has resulted in a pressure on the employed Europeans, who are always under the threat of the business being outsourced. This in turn has led to exploitation of labour. Prisoners and child workers are used to work in inhumane conditions. Safety standards are ignored to produce cheap goods. Earlier people had stable, permanent jobs. Now people live in constant dread of losing their jobs to competition (Lovekar n.d.). Increased job competition has led to reduction in wages and conseq uently lower standards of living. Local industries are being taken over by foreign multinationals. The increase in prices has reduced the governments ability to sustain social welfare schemes in developed countries. There is increase in human trafficking. Multinational Companies and corporations which were previously restricted to commercial activities are increasingly influencing political decisions. Large Western-driven organizations such as the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank make it easy for a developing country to obtain a loan. However, a Western-focus is often applied to a non-Western situation, resulting in failed progress. Companies are as opening their counterparts in other countries (Fischer, 2003). This results in transferring the quality of their product to other countries, thereby increasing the chances of depreciation in terms of quality. The threat that the corporate would rule the world is on high, as there is a lot of money  invested by them. It is often argued that poor countries are exploited by the richer countries where the work force is taken advantage of and low wages are implemented. Although different cultures from around the world are able to interact, they begin to meld, and the contours and individuality of each begin to fade. Bad aspects of foreign cultures are affecting the local cultures through TV and the Internet. There are experts who believe that Globalisation is the cause for the invasion of communicable diseases and social degeneration in countries. There may be invasive species that could prove devastating in non-native ecosystems. There is little international regulation, an unfortunate fact that could have dire consequences for the safety of people and the environment. Companies have set up industries causing pollution in countries with poor regulation of pollution. Terrorists have access to sophisticated weapons enhancing their ability to inflict damage. Terrorists use the Internet for communicating am ong themselves. Comparison between Benefits and Challenges No. Benefits of Globalisation Challenges of Globalisation 1 Economies of countries  that engage well with the international economy have consistently  grown much faster  than those countries that try to protect themselves. Well managed open economies have grown at rates that are on average 2  ½ percentage points higher than the rate of growth in economies closed to the forces of globalisation. There are  social and economic costs  to globalisation. Trade liberalisation rewards competitive industries and penalises uncompetitive ones, and it requires participating countries to undertake economic restructuring and reform. While this will bring benefits in the long term, there are dislocation costs to grapple with in the immediate term, and the social costs for those affected are high. 2 Countries which have had faster economic growth have then been able to  improve living standards and reduce poverty. India has cut its poverty rate in half in the past two decades. China has reduced the number of rural poor from 250 million in 1978 to 34 million in 1999. Cheaper imports also make a wider range of products accessible to more people and, through competition, can help promote efficiency and productivity. Some countries have been unable to take advantage of globalisation and their  standards of living are dropping further behind the richest countries. The gap in incomes between the 20% of the richest and the poorest countries has grown from 30 to 1 in 1960 to 82 to 1 in 1995. 3 Improved wealth through the economic gains of globalisation has led to improved access to health care and clean water which has increased life expectancy. More than 85 percent of the worlds population can expect to live for at least sixty years (thats twice as long as the average life expectancy 100 years ago!) Increased trade and travel have  facilitated the spread of human, animal and plant diseases, like HIV/AIDS, SARS and bird flu, across borders. The AIDS crisis has reduced life expectancy in some parts of Africa to less than 33 years and delays in addressing the problems, caused by economic pressures, have exacerbated the situation. Globalisation has also enabled the  introduction of  cigarettes and tobacco  to developing countries, with  major adverse health and financial costs  associated with that. 4 Increased global income and reduced investment barriers have led to an increase in foreign direct investment which has accelerated growth in many countries. In 1975, total foreign direct investment amounted to US$23 billion while in 2003 it totalled US$575 billion. The increasing interdependence of countries in a globalised world makes them  more vulnerable to economic problems like the Asian financial crisis of the late 1990s. 5 Improved environmental awareness and accountability has contributed to  positive environmental outcomes  by encouraging the use of more efficient, less-polluting technologies and facilitating economies imports of renewable substitutes for use in place of scarce domestic natural resources. The  environment has been harmed  as agricultural, forest, mining and fishing industries exploit inadequate environmental codes and corrupt behaviour in developing countries. Agricultural seed companies are destroying the biodiversity of the planet, and depriving subsistence farmers of their livelihood. 6 Increasing interdependence and global institutions like WTO and World Bank, that manage the settlement of government-to-government disputes, have  enabled international political and economic tensions to be resolved  on a rules based approach, rather than which country has the greatest economic or political power. Importantly it has  bolstered peace  as countries are unlikely to enter conflict with trading partners and poverty reduction helps reduce the breeding ground for terrorism. The major economic powers have a major influence in the institutions of globalisation, like the WTO, and this can  work against the interests of the developing world. The level of agricultural protection by rich countries has also been estimated to be around five times what they provide in aid to poor countries 7 Improved technology  has  dramatically  reduced costs and prices  changing the way the world communicates, learns, does business and treats illnesses. Between 1990 and 1999, adult illiteracy rates in developing countries fell from 35 per cent to 29 per cent. Trade liberalisation and  technological improvements change the economy of a country,  destroying traditional agricultural communities  and allowing cheap imports of manufactured goods. This can lead to unemployment if not carefully managed, as work in the traditional sectors of the economy becomes scarce and people may not have the appropriate skills for the jobs which may be created. 8 Modern communications  and the global spread of information have contributed to the toppling of undemocratic regimes and a growth in liberal democracies  around the world. Modern communications  have spread an awareness of the differences between countries, and  increased  the  demand for migration  to richer countries. Richer countries have tightened the barriers against migrant workers, xenophobic fears have increased and people smugglers have exploited vulnerable people. 9 The voluntary adoption by global companies of  workplace standards  for their internationalised production facilities in developing countries has made an important contribution to respect for international labour standards. Wages paid by multinationals in middle- and low-income countries are on average 1.8 to 2.0 times the average wages in those countries. Globalised competition can force a race to the bottom in wage rates and labour standards. It can also foster a  brain drain of skilled workers, where highly educated and qualified professionals, such as doctors, engineers and IT specialists, migrate to developed countries to benefit from the higher wages and greater career and lifestyle prospects. This creates severe skilled labour shortages in developing countries. 10 International migration has led to greater recognition of diversity and  respect for cultural identities  which is improving democracy and access to human rights. Indigenous and national culture and languages  can be eroded  by the modern globalised culture. Sources Source: Aus AID, 2004,  http://www.ausaid.gov.au/ Source: The World Bank, 2004,  http://www.worldbank.org/ CHAPTER 3 Impact on developed countries Advantages in Developed Countries: Diversification: The get diversified into the hi-tech industries due to the Globalisation and improvement in the global market. Production: The productivity improves due to more demand all over the world in the world market. The need for the product increases which in turn increases the productivity. Benefits: They become very beneficial since most of their needs are met by the foreign markets which might cost more in the local market. Disadvantages in Developed Countries: Losing of Jobs: The jobs are transferred to the poorer countries so that the companies need not pay high wages for the jobs done. This in turn reduces the jobs opportunities in developed countries. Reduction in taxes: The taxes paid on their products are reduced due to increase the sales in the world market which decreases their welfare benefits. Difference in rich and poor: The rich becomes higher in their standard of living and the poor remains the same or they might even get down in their standard of living. Impact on developing countries Advantages in Developing Countries: GDP Increase: If the statistics are any indication, GDP of the developing countries have increased twice as much as before. Per capita Income Increase: The wealth has had a trickling effect on the poor. The average income has increased to thrice as much. Unemployment is Reduced: This fact is quite evident when you look at countries like India and China. Education has Increased: Globalisation has been a catalyst to the jobs that require higher skill set. This demand allowed people to gain higher education. Competition on Even Platform: The companies all around the world are competing on a single global platform. This allows better options to consumers. Disadvantages in Developing Countries: Uneven Distribution of Wealth: Wealth is still concentrated in the hands of a few individuals and a common man in a developing country is yet to see any major benefits of Globalisation. Income Gap between Developed and Developing Countries: Wealth of developed countries continues to grow twice as much as the developing world. Different Wage Standards for Developing Countries: A technology worker may get more value for his work in a developed country than a worker in a developing country. Reversal of Globalisation: In future, factors such as war may demand the reversal of the Globalisation (as evident in inter world war years), current process of Globalisation may just be impossible to reverse. Conclusion Globalisation has both positive and negative impact on all the countries in the world market. Globalisation has lots of positive impact on developing countries like the increase in the GDP growth, increase in employment rate, diversification of products and services and lots more. On developed countries also it has positive impact like the increase in standard of living, purchase of foreign goods at cheaper rates compare to local market and many more. Even though it has lots of positive impact on each and every economy it has a greater amount of negative impact on the economies. The individualistic cultural and behavioural aspects of the economy are badly getting affected. The best goods produced in a country are exported, for making the maximum profit which in turn gives the local market the next grade or the lower grade products. The employment rates in the developed countries decreases due to outsourcing of the jobs. Even though globalisation is very important and a necessary fact or in everyday life the negative impact of it affects certain parts of our own nation. The benefits of it are not equally spread all over the world and within the nations. When it is researched more the challenges caused due to globalisation is more than the benefits of it. But at the same time globalisation is necessary for certain period of each ones life. So Globalisation is even more effective and more beneficial if all the sectors of the world are considered as one. So this paper can be concluded by saying that globalisation has to overcome all its challenges to make it beneficial and best for the world. Case Study Emergence of Globalization in India History In early 1990s Indian economy was in major crisis. It faced major problems such as fiscal deficit was increasing; inflation was high at 17%; foreign currency reserves decreased to $1 billion; NRIs did not invest in India. When Shri P.V.Narasimha Rao became prime minister of India in 1992, he took measures to make the Indian economy one of the fastest growing economies in the world and implemented the new economic model known as Liberalization, Privatization and Globalization in India (LPG). Steps taken in LPG Model to Globalize Indian Economy Some of the steps taken in LPG Model to develop Indian economy were: Firstly, Indian currency was devaluated by 18 to 19% to solve the balance of payment problem. Secondly, to make the LPG model work smooth many of the public sectors were sold to the private sector to increase government cash reserves. Thirdly, allowing FDI in a wide range of sectors such as Insurance (26%), defence industries (26%) etc. Fourthly, quantitative restrictions on imports were removed. Fifthly, the peak customs tariff was reduced from 300% to 30%. Finally, facilities available for foreign investors were open to NRIs. Merits of Globalization in Indian Economy Globalization led to the following developments. They are: Firstly, increase in FDI investments helped in economic reconstruction. Secondly, faster exchange of information, partnering with other nations for joint ventures and cultural interaction helped India to globalise faster. Thirdly, changes in technological development improved Indian Economy. Fourthly, outsourcing jobs to India increased employment opportunities. Finally, opening of international market created more opportunities. Demerits of Globalization in Indian Economy Few disadvantages during globalization were: firstly, threat of multinational corporations with immense power ruling the globe. Secondly, colonization for smaller developing nations while undergoing changes. Finally, it can lead to threat of cultural imbalance and spread of communicable diseases. Contribution of Indian Industries for Development of Indian Economy The strength of Indian companies is seen in recent times when Indian companys started expanding their territories and acquisitions globally. Phenomenal growth of information technology provided employment opportunities and drastically changed living standards. Lately realised by most multinational companies that India has immense potential has increased industrial developments in India (Malik, 2009). For, continuous growth India should pay immediate attention to ensure rapid development in education, health, agriculture and mainly infrastructure so that rural economic developments and industrial developments happen much faster. India still has the problem of poverty. The welfare of a country does not percolate from the top, but should be built upon development from the bottom. Conclusion India gained highly from the LPG model as its GDP increased to 8.8% 2010 (Trading Economics, 2010). In respect of market capitalization, India ranks fourth in the world. But even after globalization, condition of agriculture has not improved. The share of agriculture in the GDP is only 17%. The number of landless families has increased and farmers are still committing suicide. But seeing the positive effects of globalization, it can be said that very soon India will overcome these hurdles too and march strongly on its path of development.

The Sun Also Rises by Ernest Hemingway Essay -- Sun Also Rises Ernest

The epigraph to "The Sun Also Rises'; contains a quote from Gertrude Stein, saying: "You are all a lost generation';. This proclamation is juxtaposed with the passage from the beginning of the Book of Ecclesiastes: "One generation passeth away, and another generation cometh: but the earth abideth for ever';. The message of the former quote clearly conveys that the WW1 generation, of which Jake Barns, Robert Cohn, Brett Ashley and Mike Campbell are the representatives, is forever deprived of moral, emotional, spiritual and physical values. On the other hand, the latter passage gives a lot of hope: "The sun also ariseth, and the sun goeth down, and hasteth to his place where he arose.'; This statement, from which the title of the novel comes, as well as the content of the whole Book of Ecclesiastes, may be the reason for upholding this hope, the hope given by the rising Sun, the hope of forever abiding Earth. It is a common knowledge that war - "the calamity for civilization';, as the narrator Jake names it - disorganises or even destroys human's inner life, his priorities, his code of values; that war causes a lot of chaos in the way one perceives oneself as well as others; that war deprives man of dignity and (self-)respect. The lives of the (dis)affiliates of the Lost Generation, who have gone through the tragedy of the World War1, epitomise this universal truth. They are constantly coping with finding themselves in the world after the war. It is highly probable that the ethics and morality for them is to be found in the book of Ecclesiastes. The preacher provides the reader, or rather the members of the team of expatriates, with the code of conduct they should follow to find the meaning and the purpose of their lives. However futile and vain life may be, on which Ecclesiastes insists by repeating the statement: "All is vanity and vexation of spirit';, one predominantly should put his life into the hands of God and obey Him. Do the protagonists manage to find any significance in their post-war existence? Are their lives likely to regain the meaning? Will they manage to "put together the pieces of their shattered personal faiths'; (Maloney 188) to obliterate their painful memories of "that dirty war';? Book 1 presents the tragic and hopeless situation of the Lost Generation. All the protagonists belong to the degenerated society of the expatria... ...g life as a constant rebirth, as the "re-entering the earthly paradise'; (Maloney 186) outside the novel, but still within the works of Hemingway, whose crucial message is after all that man can be beaten up, but not lost, that man can be destroyed but not defeated. Works Cited Backman, Melvin. "Hemingway: The Metador and the Crucified." Hemingway and His Critics. Ed. Carlos Baker. New York, American Century Series: Hill and Wang, 1961. Benson, Jackson J. Hemingway: The Writer's Art of Self-Defense. Minnesota: the University of Minnesota, 1969 Kashkeen, Ivan. "Alive in the Midst of Death: Ernest Hemingway." Hemingway and His Critics. Ed. Carlos Baker. New York, American Century Series: Hill and Wang, 1961. Maloney, Michael F. "Ernest Hemingway: The Missing Third Dimension." Hemingway and His Critics. Ed. Carlos Baker. New York, American Century Series: Hill and Wang, 1961. Spilka, Mark. "The Death of Love in The Sun Also Rises." Hemingway and His Critics. Ed. Carlos Baker. New York, American Century Series: Hill and Wang, 1961. (http://members.aol.com/_ht_a/pamplonaweb/riauriau.htm) (http://www.cliffsnotes.com/WileyCDA/LitNote/id-178,pageNum-51.html)

The Contributions of Adam Smith and John M Keynes to the Study of Economics :: Adam Smith, John M Keynes

Adam Smith was the founder of economics, as we know it today. His thoughts have shaped modern ideas about the market economy and the role of the state in relation to it. Smith laid the intellectual framework that explained the free market (which still holds true today) and laissez-faire. Both are connected with the underlying theme of economic growth. Smith's analysis is not confined to showing the interrelation between the different elements of a continually maintained system. It also explains how the system can generate the continual accumulation of wealth. And since, according to Smith, this process is most successful when left to the play of natural forces, his analysis leads him to urge governments to let well alone. Laissez-faire government believes commerce and trade should be permitted to operate free of controls of any kind; there should be no tariffs or other barriers. The direct translation from the French language is â€Å"leave alone to do†, which is self-explanatory. He is most often recognized for the expression "the invisible hand," which he used to demonstrate how self-interest guides the most efficient use of resources in a nation's economy, with public welfare coming as a by-product. It simply encourages businesses to provide what consumers want and at the same time it discourages government involvement. He believed that the only responsibilities of the government should be to define property rights, set up honest courts, impose minor taxes and subsides to compensate for well defined and narrowly specified â€Å"market failures†. To underscore his laissez-faire convictions, Smith argued that state and personal efforts, to promote social good are ineffectual compared to unbridled market forces. Adam Smith explained that a monopoly charges any price that it chooses, robs consumers and makes countries less efficient and poorer. Competition, he said, means that businesses try to charge the lowest price possible, so consumers get maximum value for money. If they can buy more, they support more jobs in the economy and the country grows richer. Without the police stopping competition, he said, monopolies cannot survive for long. Around the world today, government monopolies and other bad practices are under major assault from Adam Smith's ideas. Adam Smith believed that strong government was a great necessity, particularly to create and enforce laws and to ensure justice. He believed in a democratic partnership between government and the people, but knew that each should do what it does best - businessmen should not control the justice system, nor should government try to run businesses.

Effects of Social Networking Sites on Student’s Life. Essay

Students! The Builders of Nation ! In today’s life as the world is developing rapidly, the youth becoming stronger in each sense. The technologies are reaching at their peak. Dr. Abdul Kalam has said that India would be the ‘Developed Country’ upto 2020. He has dreamed about ‘Developed India’ which will be possible through his ‘Mission 2020’ towards India. He believes that Indian youth is the source for that dream. Mark Zuckerberg and Jack Dorsey are the two innovative people of 21st century as they have innovated social networking communication sites such as facebook and twitter respectively. Social networking sites such as facebook and twitter are few of the revolutionary inventions of decade. These are mostly popular in the college students. Actually it is proved that it is good mean of communication among them and is the best way of their time to be passed quiet easily. College students are heavy users of these sites through internet compared to the general population. It is the part of their daily communication habits. Social networking sites highly benefits students academically. The various features of different sites give flexibility to students to be a part of social level with others. Students can relate and share with those who have a common interest and ability to make connection with like-minded students, build relationships and communication among them. Social networking sites are the part of modern technology and students are making use of it in different ways. These sites help them to search material which they needs online. It makes them quite easy way to search and get the needful things. Besides this all; there are some negative effects on them as well. Students are losing in the real world by sticking to these social networking sites. The popularity of these sites increased rapidly in the last decade. This is probably due to reason that college students used it extensively to get global access. Sites like facebook and twitter have become a craze for everyone nowadays. These sites have caused potential harm to society. Students are becoming victims of such sites this is because of reason that when they are studying or searching their course material online; they get attracted to these sites to kill the burden in their study time, diverting their attention from their work. They prefer their concentration more on these sites than regular study. Students have started relying more on the information accessible easily on these sites. This reduces their learning and research capabilities. These sites cause reduction in their academic performance and concentration to study well. It reduces their communication skill with others. It also reduces command over language use and creative writing skills. Students mostly use slang words or shortened forms of words on these sites. They start relying on the computer grammar and spelling. Ultimately; it depends on each and every individual how much he involved in these kinds of things. Each individual should decide weathers it is good or bad for him. One should always pick positive things from it. It will have good advantage for him as well as his career. As we want to see ‘Developed India’; is youth in right path? As the craze of networking sites going in negative direction and increasing; the question mark on ‘Mission 2020’ is being much stronger. It’s time to think positively and taking part in transforming India.